字币泛滥成灾,区块链能否独善其身?
天下熙熙皆为利来,天下攘攘皆为利往。
从去年年底开始出尽风头的区块链,至今依然是众多创业者口中的济世神药。可虽说是一剂神药,却面临着没有无用武之地的尴尬。而在另一端,却满是待收割的韭菜,无奈之下超过九成的区块链创业者只好做出了同一个选择——发币。
一时间,各种数字黄金如雨后春笋纷纷冒出。市面上除了血统正宗由大神中本聪创出的比特币,另充斥着形形色色的山寨币、空气币和传销币。但鱼目永远难成真珠,如今区块链风口尚劲,追风的数字币却大势已去,曾指望借此发笔横财的投机者如今也鲜有问津,只留下满地狼藉。
区块链的火
前不久,网上有消息传出:创刊自1869年的《自然》杂志,第三次从群体行为学关注到了中国,而关注的焦点恰是在区块链上。由此有了一个比较拗口的说法,你在关注区块链的时候,别人在关注你关注区块链。
《自然》认为,2018年春节前后中国发生了一场瘟疫,最后查明是由区块链而引起。有越来越多的中国人开始沉迷于区块链不能自拔,终日胡言乱语到“去中心化”、“分布式记账”、“共识机制”、“硬分叉”等等新词汇。尤其是一些凌晨3点钟仍未眠的微信群,可谓这场瘟疫的重灾区。
随后,有较真的网友对此提出质疑,称翻遍春节前后的《自然》杂志,都未能找到传闻中的相关报道。可笔者要说的是,或许这篇报道的真实性尚待考证,但微信已经被区块链所包围却是不争的事实。从微信指数所给出的“区块链”这一关键词的指数详情就能窥得,“瘟疫”一词并不为过。
百度指数显示也是如此,“区块链”关键词的搜索指数从几个月前的在数千左右徘徊,到2018年1月份猛增至10万以上,至今依然能够维持搜索指数在5万上下波动,其爆发力和持久力都令人错愕。
这一瘟疫蔓延开来,互联网巨头们也未能幸免。国内的代表企业BAT,都已悄然入局。例如百度,在今年2月推出了区块链宠物“莱茨狗”;阿里巴巴,旗下蚂蚁金服称在2016年时就已经将区块链技术应用于支付宝爱心捐赠平台;腾讯则在2016年将这一技术用于微众银行。
而随着宣称进军区块链的企业越来越多,这一领域的人才缺口也就越来越大。有数据显示,区块链技术人才的供需比为0.15,处于眼中稀缺状态。这种情况之下,区块链培训顺势火了起来,一个月内,“区块链培训”的搜索指数涨幅超过了600%。
另外,区块链的火爆还有一最为直观的表现,那就是众多区块链媒体的崛起。其中不乏有成立仅一月之久的新媒体,就被估值上千万,引来众多资本追逐。并且,有资深互联网媒体从业者向熊出墨请注意表示,“从业十余年,区块链这样火爆的风口还真是见所未见。火爆归火爆,但几个月过去了,似乎仍未见到真正有将区块链落地的实例。”
事实上,发出这般担忧的大有人在。知名的投资人朱啸虎就曾说过,区块链只是一个伪风口,目前除了数字币之外,没有任何的应用场景。基本上找到他投资的项目,在经过一番演绎之后,最终都会说出“发币”这个词。这样的项目,他一概不投。
数字币的滥
虽说有高见称区块链能够颠覆BAT,但所有人其实只关心一件事,那就是到底发不发币。这就引出了另一个风口——数字币。
正如流传甚广的一句话“一入币圈深似海”,用“海”字来形容币圈,再合适不过。首先是广度,在区块链和比特币的双重诱惑之下,各种数字货币层出不穷。就算是在去年9月央行等七部委联合发文,明令禁止之后,币圈依然是活跃异常,至今都没有消停。
就单从这些跟风而来的数字货币名称来看,就足以见币圈的火爆和荒谬。有媒体列出了十大坑爹数字币,这其中包括烧烤币、彩票币、一个币,更有甚者,还有中文名直接取为冥币。那么,这些山寨币、空气币、传销币为什么会出现?
很好解释,用币圈的话来说,“韭菜太多了,不割都对不起他们”。这也正是“海”字的第二个层面,币圈像海一样深不可测。比如说有不少的山寨币,在诞生之初就是奔着收割韭菜而来,根本和区块链扯不上半毛钱关系。有知情人士举了一个例子,某个团队想要发币,总量1亿个,发行价1元,随便敲一下键盘,1亿就这样出来了。即便是这样,韭菜们依旧是趋之若鹜。
当然,在这些发币的大军之中,也不乏有某些知名的互联网企业。比如在去年最火的时候,迅雷主导发行的玩客币、暴风发行的BFC积分等等。这些和区块链挂钩的项目,不仅在资本市场为其各自添了一把热度,在币圈也是如此。
虽说迅雷和暴风都明确对外表示其项目所产生的代币和积分仅限各自体制内使用,严禁进行交易,迅雷为了正视听后期还将玩客币更名为链克,可利字当头,投机者怎肯放过。就以挖玩客币的玩客云为例,监管禁止交易,但挡不住那些钻空子的第三方交易平台。在聊天软件中,“币”字涉嫌违禁,就有人发明出一系列暗语。
比如用来挖玩客币的硬件玩客云,币圈将其称为“母鸡”,玩客币则成为“鸡蛋”。而一台母鸡的官方预约价为399元,但在玩客币的热度之下一机难求,一度被炒到2000元以上的高价。各个交易群聊之中,数千人同时刷着相关的交易信息,玩客币也是水涨船高,单价在7元上下浮动,单个交易平台的日成交量也能够达到55万个。
区块链仍在,数字币气数将尽
“比特币和数字货币正进入熊市”,近日,区块链大佬薛蛮子在公开场合做出了这番预测。他表示这次熊市长达半年以上,最长可达两年。而在这期间,90%的山寨币都会清零。其实这番预测并非无迹可循,迅雷的玩客币就是一个典型的例子。
“4元买了100个现在还在手里”,在某交易群中有群友叹息道,自己当时看中了玩客币的前景,趁着降到4元时入手了100个,没曾想,到现在已经跌得不成样子。从交易平台提供的行情来看,机器很长一段时间内,玩客币的单价都维持在1.5元上下,并有继续下跌的趋势,目测想要突破2元都十分之困难。
群里也没了往日的活力,此前动辄99+的消息,现在半天都没人说一句话。如果有的话,那也就是低价甩卖“母鸡”或是“鸡蛋”。曾经众人追捧的“母鸡”,现在已经跌破了此前的官方预约价格。有群友透露,“即便是这样,也很难找到人来接盘了。”因为玩客币一跌再跌,已经没人相信他还能再翻身了。
有迅雷做背书的玩客币尚且如此,其他的众多名不见经传的山寨币自然不用多言。虽然区块链的热度有增无减,但是币圈却是哀鸿一片,除了主流币种依然活跃之外,山寨币收割离场的戏码每天都在上演。
而谈到山寨币为何至此,有币圈资深人士告诉熊出墨请注意,一是源于山寨币的劣币属性,二则如薛蛮子所说,币圈熊市将到。
“猴子团队跑路了”,同样是在某玩客币交流群,有群友挑起了这个话题。他们口中的“猴子”,正是由某个玩客币第三方交易平台所主导的项目,因为在迅雷官方炒币人士找不到实际的应用场景,猴子团队看到了这个市场空缺,推出了可以用玩客币购买的猴子。也曾经火爆一时,但现在“花币买猴子的都要哭晕了。”之前在群里讨论猴子的一众群友也都已消失不见。
“庞氏骗局中的庞氏骗局”,这是群友对于猴子项目的定性。由此,缺乏监管,随意收割,这一山寨币的典型特征就显露了出来。更别提那些本就是空壳用来行骗的空气币、传销币,一旦没有人愿意接盘,崩盘就在一瞬之间。但当投机者意识到危险之后,往往都为时已晚。
说完劣币,另外来看一下所谓的良币。首当其冲的自然就是比特币,无论在市值还是声量上,比特币都是币圈当之无愧的神话,但是得不到各国政府的承认,比特币永远只能够活在币圈,活在地下,不得见天日。
而币圈自身又毫无规范可言,完全放肆横流。各大交易所数据作假、暗箱操作、收割韭菜被逐一曝光,黑客盗刷、数字币洗钱、违法交易屡禁不止。试问这等扰乱正常经济秩序的行为又凭何来获得监管的认可?这样一来,只要监管不松口,其实就没有任何良币可言。
西方有句谚语“要想让人灭亡,必须先让人疯狂”,不知套到币圈是否合适?而同样是处于疯狂之中的区块链,又是否能成为铁打的营盘?这一切,还要看其造化。
虽然朱啸虎本人过往的言论不太招人待见,但是这次他对于红得发紫的区块链的所谓“风口”理解还是比较冷静的,区块链技术的应用场景除了ICO以外确实没有太好的体现。
铁打的营盘流水的兵,或许按照现在的“风口”转移速度,再过两年,连区块链技术这个“营盘”都会被吹跑了,更别提那些流水的兵了。因此,目前浮躁异常的币圈,是否会成为拖累区块链的后腿,依然很难下定论。
Monday, March 26, 2018
数字币泛滥成灾,区块链能否独善其身?
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http://money.visualcapitalist.com/worlds-money-markets-one-visualization-2017/
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The basics of keyboard shortcuts on Mac
Keyboard shortcuts Mac owners need to know: The basics
As Apple explains, keyboard shortcuts that are OS-wide or app-specific enable you to do things that you’d normally need a mouse, trackpad, or other input device to accomplish. On a Mac, keyboard shortcuts are activated by holding down one or more modifier keys and then pressing the last key of the shortcut. The modifier keys that you need to know as a Mac owner are:
- Command ⌘
- Shift ⇧
- Option ⌥
- Control ⌃
- Caps Lock ⇪
- Fn
If you’re using a keyboard that’s made for Windows PCs, you’ll simply hit the Alt key instead of Option, and the Windows logo key instead of Command. Some Mac keyboard and shortcuts also involve the special keys on the top row of the keyboard, including icons for volume, display brightness, and other functions. You’ll just press the icon key to perform that function, or combine it with the Fn key to use it as an F1, F2, F3, or other standard function key.
The Mac keyboard shortcuts ahead are the commands that any Mac owner should know. For most users, the most important categories of keyboard shortcuts are the basic commands that streamline things across the operating system, as well as the commands that make creating and editing documents easier. This is by no means an exhaustive list, but ahead are the essential keyboard shortcuts you should know on a Mac.
- Command-X, Command-C, and Command-V: These keyboard shortcuts will cut, copy, or paste, respectively. Cut will remove the selected item and copy it to the Clipboard, Copy will duplicate the selected item to the Clipboard, and Paste will paste the contents of the Clipboard into the current document or app.
- Command-Z and Command-Shift-Z: These keyboard shortcuts will undo the previous command, or reverse the undo command. Depending on the app, you may be able to undo and redo multiple commands.
- Command-A: Select All items.
- Command-F and Command-G: The Find command will open a Find window or find items in a document, while the Find Again command will find the next occurrence of an item that was previously found.
- Command-H and Command-M: The Hide command will hide the windows of the front app. (If you want to view the front app but hide the other open apps, press Command-Option-H.) The Minimize command will minimize the front window to the dock.
- Command-N: The New command will open a new document or window.
- Command-O: The Open command will open the selected item, or open a dialog to select a file to open.
- Command-P: Use this keyboard shortcut to print the current document.
- Command-S: This command will save the current document.
- Command-W: The Close command will close the front window, or you can press Command-Option-W to close all windows of the app.
- Command-Q and Option-Command-Esc: Command-Q will quit the app, while Option-Command-Esc will force-quit an app (one of the most useful keyboard shortcuts in the event of an unresponsive app).
- Command-Space bar: This is the keyboard shortcut to call up Spotlight search. It can show or hide the Spotlight search field.
- Space bar: Tapping the Space bar will use Quick Look to preview a selected item.
- Command-Tab or Shift-Command-Tilde (~): Command-Tab will switch apps, while Shift-Command-Tilde will switch to the next most-recent window of the front app.
- Shift-Command-3 or Shift-Command-4: These Screenshot commands will take a screenshot either of the entire screen or of the area that you select.
Keyboard shortcuts Mac owners need to know: Document shortcuts
- Command-B, Command-I, and Command-U: These keyboard shortcuts will bold, italicize, or underline the selected text.
- Command-T: This command will show or hide the Fonts window.
- Command-D: This shortcut will select the Desktop folder from within an Open dialog or Save dialog.
- Control-Command-D, Shift-Command-Colon (:), and Command-Semicolon (;): These keyboard shortcuts will show or hide the definition of a selected word, display the Spelling and Grammar window, or find misspelled words in a document.
- Option-Delete, Control-H, Control-D, and Control-K: These keyboard shortcuts will delete the word to the left of the insertion point, delete the character to the left of the insertion point, delete the character to the right of the insertion point, or delete the text between the insertion point and the end of the line or paragraph.
- Fn-Up Arrow, Fn-Down Arrow, Fn-Left Arrow, and Fn-Right Arrow: These keyboard shortcuts will scroll up one page, scroll down one page, scroll to the beginning of a document, or scroll to the end of the document.
- Command-Up Arrow, Command-Down Arrow, Command-Left Arrow, and Command-Right Arrow: These keyboard shortcuts will move the insertion point to the beginning of the document, to the end of the document, to the beginning of the current line, or to the end of the current line.
- Option-Left Arrow and Option-Right Arrow: These commands will move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word or to the end of the next word.
- Option–Shift–Up Arrow, Option–Shift–Down Arrow, Option–Shift–Left Arrow, and Option–Shift–Right Arrow: These keyboard shortcuts will extend the text selection to the beginning of the current paragraph, to the end of the current paragraph, to the beginning of the current word, or to the end of the current word.
- Control-A and Control-E: These command will move to the beginning of the line or paragraph or move to the end of a line or paragraph.
- Control-F and Control-B: These shortcuts will move one character forward or one character backward.
- Control-P and Control-N: These keyboard shortcuts will move up one line or down one line.
- Control-O: This command will insert a new line after the insertion point.
- Command–Left Curly Bracket ({), Command–Right Curly Bracket (}), and Shift–Command–Vertical bar (|): These keyboards will left-align, right-align, or center-align.
- Option-Command-C, Option-Command-V, and Option-Shift-Command-V: These keyboard shortcuts will copy the formatting settings of the selected item to the Clipboard, apply the copied style to the selected item, or apply the style of the surrounding content to the item pasted within that content.
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